课程中文名称：劳动关系学说史
课程英文名称：Labor Relations Theories (English)
课程类别：专业领域选修课
理论课程
授课对象：MPA硕士研究生
学分学时：2学分，32学时
预修课程：劳动关系学、劳动经济学、专业英语
课程简介：本课程是劳动关系本科专业的一门专业特色课, 也是该专业的必修课程，其专业性、实践性、政策性和操作性都很强。本课程研究劳动关系的基础理论、基本知识和具体操作技能，具体包括劳动关系的主体、环境、意识形态、规则网的形成，劳动关系前沿理论，以及有关全球化、用工灵活化和工会演进方面的新现象和新理论。该课程共32个学时，2个学分。
教学目标：劳动关系学说史（双语）根据劳动关系本科专业人才培养和发展目标的实际需要，阐述国际劳动关系理论与实践的基础知识，并有选择地介绍国际劳动关系理论的前沿。该课程设计为双语课，旨在竞争激烈的劳动关系专业学生就业与工作环境中，使学生不仅掌握劳动关系理论的新发展，而且能够准确、流利地用英语表达相关内容。
教学方式：在教学方法上，采用以课堂讲授为主，结合课后自学，课堂讨论，案例学习、课程实训、课后训练等多种教学形式。课堂讲授采用英文，辅助中文。期末考核和课题练习使用英文。
1、课堂讲授
该课程涉及到较多的劳动关系专业理论知识，同时对英语要求很高，在讲述的过程中教师应尽量联系劳动关系运行中的实际情况，注重理论与实践相结合，英文与中文相结合。在教学中要求同学掌握常用的劳动关系英语词汇。
2、课后自学
为了培养学生整理归纳，综合分析和处理问题的能力，由第四章开始的以后章节都安排一部分学生参与和教学实践内容，课上教师只给出自学提纲，不作详细讲解，学生自学后在课堂上采用小组汇报的形式，用英文汇报其自学成果。
3、课堂讨论
课堂讨论的目的是活跃学习气氛，开拓思路。教师应认真组织，安排重点发言，充分调动每一名同学的学习积极性，做好总结。
课程要求及考核方式：
1、平时考核
为及时了解教学情况，结合本课程的特点，教师将适当安排平时课堂小测验或小组汇报课题，每次测验不超过 30 分钟。
2、期末考核
结合劳动关系双语课程既包括理论性、又涉及实践的特点，期末考核中本课程尽量突出对于学生解决实际业务问题和专业英语知识掌握情况的考核，其中：平时成绩占总成绩 30%，期末考试占总成绩70%。平时成绩包括学生的考勤、课堂小组讨论的表现、课堂提问、实践操作能力以及课后作业的完成情况。
期末考核形式采取学生小组汇报，汇报采取英语的方式，其他同学可以用英语提问。各小组之间也可就相似的题目进行英语质询。具体要求在第十六章内容中使用英语进行了说明。
课程成绩构成：平时成绩占总成绩 30%，期末考试占总成绩70%。平时成绩包括学生的考勤、课堂小组讨论的表现、课堂提问、实践操作能力以及课后作业的完成情况。
教材及参考书目：
1、John Fossum. 2015. Labor Relations: Development, Structure, Process. New York: McGraw Hill.
2、Paul Blyton, Nicolas Bacon, Jack Fiorito and Edmund Heery (eds.) 2010. The Sage Handbook of Industrial Relations. London: Sage.
3、Paul Edwards. (ed) 2007. Industrial Relations: Theory and Practice. Malden: Blackwell Publishing.
课程框架：
第一讲 Introduction: The Field of Industrial Relations
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students understand the core concepts of industrial relations, including industrial relations, labor relations, employment relations and employee relations, etc.
Ⅱ.The students are equipped with good English to explain the concepts.
Ⅲ.The students grasp the knowledge of different perspectives of understanding IR.
教学难点：
Ⅰ.Creating an English environment for teaching and students’ participation.
Ⅱ.The students can distinguish different core concepts of IR.
Ⅲ.The students understand the difference of Marxist approach, pluralist approach and other ways to explore IR.
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Introduction
1. What is industrial relations (IR)?
2. Why do we study IR?
Ⅱ.Definition and Scope
1.Actors
2.Processes
3.Outcomes
4.Levels
Ⅲ.Theory and Explanation
1.Disciplinary influences
2.Explanatory models
3.Societal
4.Institutional
5.Organizational
6.Agency
Ⅳ.Normative Orientation
1.Challenge and critique
1.1.Marxism
1.2.Feminism
1.3Neo-liberalism
2.Pluralist response
Ⅴ.The Structure of the Class
1. An overview of the class structure
2. Requirements of class participation and final assessment
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：What is Distinctive about Industrial Relations Research?
第二讲 Values, Ideologies, and Frames of Reference in Industrial Relations
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students understand the different concepts concerning with IR processes.
Ⅱ.The students grasp the knowledge of different frames of reference of IR.
Ⅲ.The students can master the skills of expressing the frames of reference in English.
教学难点：
Ⅰ.The concept of frames of reference
Ⅱ.Distinguishing value, ideology and frames of reference
Ⅲ.The difference among the egoist, unitarist, pluralist and critical perspectives of IR
Ⅳ.How to express the concepts and frames of reference in English
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Defining Concepts
What are the values?
What are ideologies?
Why do we use the approach of frames of reference to study IR?
Ⅱ.Employee Interests
Survival and income
Equity and voice
Fulfillment and social identity
Power and control
Ⅲ.Employer Interests
Profit maximization
Stakeholder value
Power and control
Ⅳ.State Interests
Freedom and the rule of law
Equitable outcomes
Dominance of the elite
Ⅴ.The (In)Compatability of Interests
The egoist employment relationship
The unitarist employment relationship
The pluralist employment relationship
The critical employment relationship
Ⅵ.From Theory to Ideology and Frame of Reference
Ⅶ.Conclusion:
Values at work
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：Contextualized Comparisons and the Study of Comparative Labor Politics
第三讲 The Influence of Product Markets on Industrial Relations
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students understand the relationship and interaction between the product market and labor relations.
Ⅱ.The students understand that different actors interact, based on the competitiveness on the product market.
教学难点：
Ⅰ.How to express the dynamic relations between the product market and the change of the employment relations?
Ⅱ.The students shall understand the similarity and difference of labor and employment relations in the public and private sectors.
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Competitive Influences on Bargaining Structure
Ⅱ.The Break Up of Product Market Based Bargaining Structure
Ⅲ.The Use of Proxy Product Markets in the Public Sector
Ⅳ.The Economic Evidence of Product Market Effects
Ⅴ.The Transmission of Product Market Circumstances into Workplace Relations
Ⅵ.Conclusion
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：Labor, Institutions, and the Market
第四讲 Varieties of Capitalism and Industrial Relations
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students understand the varieties of IR development in different countries.
Ⅱ.The students can conduct independent thinking about the origins of the varieties of IR.
Ⅲ.The students can draw a linkage between varieties of IR and VoC.
教学难点：
Ⅰ.How to make the students draw a linkage between varieties of IR and VoC?
Ⅱ.How to make the students grasp the academic English in the field of VoC?
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Introduction
Ⅱ.National Differences in the Industrial Relations Literature
Ⅲ.Approaches of the Varieties of Capitalism Since the 1990s
1.Welfare-state centered approaches
2.Actor- and institution-centered approaches
Ⅳ.Links between Varieties of Capitalism and Industrial Relations Institutions
Ⅴ.Do Varieties of Industrial Relations Correspond to Varieties of Capitalism?
Interpreting the evidence of union density, bargaining coordination, collective bargaining coverage, employment protection
gislation, gross earnings inequality, industrial conflict and standardized unemployment rates in different countries.
Ⅵ.Directions for Further Research: A dynamic perspective on politics, VoC, and industrial relations
Ⅶ.Conclusion
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：
第五讲 New Forms of Work and the High Performance Paradigm
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students understand different models of high performance paradigms.
Ⅱ.The students can use different IR tools to construct the models of high performance organizations.
教学难点：
Ⅰ.How to choose from different theoretical issues and methodological issues to explore high performance management?
Ⅱ.The students need to grasp the academic English skills in the field.
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Introduction
Ⅱ.The High Performance Model: Definition and context
1.Terminology
2.High performance management
3.Performance
4.Historical context
Ⅲ.The High Performance Model: Different approaches
1.Classifying different approaches
2.Universal practices
3.Contingent bundles
4.Universal bundles
5.Universal super-bundles
Ⅳ.High Performance Management: The issues
1.Overall assessment
2.Diffusion of the model
3.Importance of high performance management
4.Institutional/cultural context
5.Mutual gains
6.Transmission mechanisms
7.Underpinning theory
8.Methodological issues
Ⅴ.Conclusion
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：The Future of Industrial Relations aka Work and Employment Relations
第六讲 Trade Union Strategy
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students understand the interests of trade unions.
Ⅱ.The students understand the strategic choice of trade unions and its life cycle.
教学难点：
Ⅰ.The students understand the importance of the trade union strategy in the actors’ interaction of IR.
Ⅱ.The students understand the life cycles of trade unions.
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Introduction
Ⅱ.Strategic choice in trade unions
Ⅲ.The contexts of union strategy
1.Economic context
2.Worker and labor movement context
3.Employer context
4.Socio-political context
Ⅳ.Strategy and the life cycle of trade unions: organic and mature phases
1.The organic phase
2.The mature phase
3.Four patterns of trade union strategic choice in neo-liberal environments
4.Union portfolio
Ⅴ.Strategy and the life cycle of trade unions: the renewal crisis
Ⅵ.Conclusion
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：What Do Unions Do?
第七讲 Employer Organizations
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students understand the interests of employer.
Ⅱ.The students understand the reasons that employers form employer association.
Ⅲ.The students can grasp the interaction among the state, labor and employer organizations.
教学难点：
Ⅰ.Why employers need to form employer associations?
Ⅱ.The structure and hierarchical difference among employers in the same employer association.
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Introduction
Ⅱ.Activities of Employer Associations
1.Interest representation
2.Service activities
Ⅲ.Multi-Employer Bargaining and Membership
1.Positive membership incentives from multi-employer bargaining
2.The determinants of employer density
Ⅳ.The Structure of Employer Organizations
1.Membership domains and hierarchical differentiation
2.The unit of membership and its legal effects
Ⅴ.Conclusion
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：Lobby strategy of employers
第八讲 Management’s Strategy and Industrial Relations
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students understand the origin and development of the management strategic choice.
Ⅱ.The students understand the origin and development of the management strategic choice.he students understand the relations between the management strategy, labor management and corporate structure.
教学难点：
The relations between the management strategy, labor management and corporate structure.
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Introduction
Ⅱ.Management Industrial Relations Strategies
Ⅲ.Management Style and Typologies
Ⅳ.Managerial Strategic Choice
Ⅴ.Corporate Strategy and Structure
Ⅵ.Business Strategy and Labor Management
Ⅶ.High Commitment Employment Practices
Ⅷ.Conclusion
To form the strategy concept and IR analyses.
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：Human Resource Bundles and Manufacturing Performance: Organizational Logic and Production Systems in the World Auto Industry
第九讲 The State in Industrial Relations
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students grasp the concept of the state.
Ⅱ.The students understand the dynamic interests of the state.
Ⅲ.The students understand different styled states of modern capitalism, and grasp the relations between state capacity and globalization.
教学难点：
Ⅰ.The laissez-faire state, social state and developmental state
Ⅱ.The Rise, Decline and Revival of “Corporatism”
Ⅲ.Globalization and state capacity in affecting the industrial relations system.
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.What is the state?
Ⅱ.State and Market: The Framework for Employment Regulation
Ⅲ.Cross-National Diversity
Ⅳ.The Role of Government in Industrial Relations: Arenas of Regulation
1.The state as employer
2.Procedural regulation: defining the “actors” and the “rules of the game”
3.Substantive employment rights
4.Macroeconomic management: structuring the labor market
5.From demand to supply: the pursuit of “employability”
6.Industrial relations and the welfare state
7.The construction of “industrial citizenship”
Ⅴ.State, Economy and Industrial Relations: Some stylized models
1.The laissez-faire state: embedding market individualism
2.The social state: the decommodification of labor relations
3.The developmental state: the ideal national capitalist?
Ⅵ.The Trajectories of “Modern Capitalism”: The Rise, Decline and Revival of “Corporatism”
Ⅶ.“Globalization” and State Capacity
Ⅷ.Conclusion
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：Democratic Development as the Fruits of Labor
第十讲 The Legal Framework of Employment Relations
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students grasp the knowledge of different legal systems in the world, i.e. the common law and civil law.
Ⅱ.The students understand the origins of the labor market and their connection with the contractual development of employment.
Ⅲ.The students understand the importance of labor law.
教学难点：
1.The origins of the labor market and their connection with the contractual development of employment.
2.Corporate governance and labor law.
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Introduction
Ⅱ.Origins of the Modern Labor Market: The Evolution of the Contract of Employment
1.The common law: Britain and America
2.The civil law: French and German models
3.The Chinese law
Ⅲ.The Contract of Employment Today: Conceptual Evolution and Change
1.Shifts in the contractual foundations of the employment relationship
2.Unfair dismissal legislation
3.Economic dismissals
4.Alternatives to contract: the use of property-based concepts to enhance legal job security
Ⅳ.Collective Labor Relations: Worker Representation and Corporate Governance
1.Worker representation and the coverage of labor standards
2.Worker representation and the coverage of labor standards
3.Corporate governance and its interface with labor law
Ⅴ.Conclusion:
The prospects for labor law in a time of transition
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：Regulating Labour Standards via Supply Chains: Combining Public/Private Interventions to Improve Workplace Compliance
第十一讲 The State as Employer
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students understand the interests of the state and their influences on the labor market regulation.
Ⅱ.The students understand the public sector employment relations and the role of the state there.
Ⅲ.The students can learn the practices of outsourcing and subcontracting.
教学难点：
Ⅰ.The changing size of the government and labor market
Ⅱ.HRM and new paradigms of public governance
Ⅲ.The practices of outsourcing and subcontracting.
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Introduction
Ⅱ.An Industrial Relations Framework of the State as Employer
1.Environmental contexts
2.Governance
Ⅲ.Trends in the Role and Size of Government
1.Trends in the size of government
2.Government functions
3.Public sector employment
4.Privatization
5.Outsourcing or contracting government services
Ⅳ.HRM Trends
1.Labor relations and unions
2.Performance management
3.Recruitment and selection
4.Compensation
Ⅴ.New Paradigms of Public Governance
1.Key points/trends related to NPM and reinvention
2.The US: reinvention and beyond reinvention
3.Beyond reinvention: Bush’s management agenda and homeland security
Ⅵ.Conclusion
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：Beyond Corporate Codes of Conduct: Work Organization and Labour Standards in Nike's Suppliers
第十二讲 International Actors and International Regulation
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students grasp the international actors of IR.
Ⅱ.The students understand international labor standards, voluntary measurements, as well as international framework and international collective bargaining.
教学难点：
International labor standards, voluntary measurements, as well as international framework and international collective bargaining.
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Introduction
Ⅱ.Definitions, Concepts and Analysis
1.National and international: parallels and differences
2.The nature of international regulation
3.Governance and government
Ⅲ.The International System: The Major Actors and Institutions
1.States and intergovernmental organizations
2.Employers’ associations and multinational corporations
3.Workers and trade unions
4.Non-governmental organizations
5.The regional dimension
Ⅳ.International Organization: Motives and Constraints
Ⅴ.Instruments and Outcomes
1.International law and international labor standards
2.Voluntary measures: codes of conduct
3.International framework agreements and international collective bargaining
Ⅵ.Conclusion and Future Directions
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：The Contracts of Individuals and Organizations
第十三讲 The Evolution of Stakeholder Regimes: Beyond Neo-Corporatism
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students grasp the concept of stakeholder in IR.
Ⅱ.The students understand the changing process of stakeholder regimes.
教学难点：
Ⅰ.The changing process of stakeholder regimes.
Ⅱ.The general model of change of stakeholder regimes.
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Stakeholder Regimes
Ⅱ.The Neo-Corporatist Stakeholder Regime and Its Decline
Ⅲ.A General Model of Change in Stakeholder Regimes
1.Stakeholder regimes stabilize modern social orders
2.Stakeholder regimes are necessary to economic performance
3.Stakeholder regimes can be disrupted by economic or social change
4.Such a disruption leads to a destabilization of public norms and to a decline in the regulatory institutions that spring from them.
5.These declines produce instability and social pathology
6.There follows an assertion of new stakeholder claims appropriate to the existing situation, and the establishment of a new regime to institutionalize those claims.
Ⅵ.The Dynamics of the Change Process
1.Stages of development of stakeholder regimes
2.Change process
Ⅴ.The Current Discontinuity
Ⅵ.Requirements for An Emergent Regime
Ⅶ.The Current Impasse
Ⅷ.Ways Forward
1.Old stakeholders
2.New stakeholders
3.Processes for discussion and decision-making
Ⅸ.Conclusion
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：The Social Economics Revisionists: The 'Real World' Study of Labor Markets and Institutions
第十四讲 Employee Involvement and Direct Participation
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students understand the importance of employee participation.
Ⅱ.The students understand the different styles of employee participation in different market economies.
Ⅲ.The students practice the employee participation processes.
教学难点：
Ⅰ.How to categorize the different styles of employee participation in different market economies?
Ⅱ.How to encourage students’ participation to have a role-play of the employee participation process?
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Introduction
Ⅱ.Direct Participation: Forms and Theoretical Frameworks
Ⅲ.Varieties of Capitalism: Participation and Involvement
Ⅳ.Participation and Involvement in Liberal and Co-ordinated Market Economies
1.United States
2.Australia
3.Germany
4.Japan
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：The Origins of Job Structures in the Steel Industry
第十五讲 Labor Market Institutions: Around the World
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students understand the economic effects of labor institutions.
Ⅱ.The students understand the reasons and interpretations of this phenomenon.
教学难点：
Ⅰ.Labor institutions impact other outcomes substantially which extant measures of institutions and aggregate cross-section time series data are too weak to identify.
Ⅱ.The effects of institutions on outcomes change over time due to changes in the economic environment or to changes in institutional responses to particular economic stimuli.
Ⅲ.Labor institutions have a well-defined impact on income distribution but only modest effects on other outcomes.
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.Introduction
Ⅱ.Variation in Labor Institutions and Economic Performance Among Countries
1.Measures of the variation of labor institutions across advanced countries
2.Mean values of ranks of Anglo-American and other advanced economies labor institutions
3.Classifying wage-setting institutions
4.Variation in economic performance among countries
Ⅲ.Should Labor Institutions Matter?
1.Institutions affect outcomes
2.Institutions do not matter
3.Situations when institutions improve outcomes
Ⅳ.Institutions and Outcomes in Practice
1.One strong finding and some problematic results
2.The disappearing inverse U
Ⅴ.Interpretation
1.Labor institutions impact other outcomes substantially which extant measures of institutions and aggregate cross-section time series data are too weak to identify.
2.The effects of institutions on outcomes change over time due to changes in the economic environment or to changes in institutional responses to particular economic stimuli.
3.Labor institutions have a well-defined impact on income distribution but only modest effects on other outcomes.
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题：Public Enforcement/Private Monitoring: Evaluating a New Approach to Regulating the Minimum Wage
第十六讲 Final assessment
学时分配：2
教学重点：
Ⅰ.The students have to show good writing skills.
Ⅱ.The students have to express good spoken English in doing presentations.
Ⅲ.The students must show good listening comprehension, when answering the questions.
教学难点：
理论讲授内容：
Ⅰ.This is the final assessment of the course.
Ⅱ.Final assessment --- Role Play Show
Ⅲ.The students have to form teams. Each team must have more than one person, but the number of team members cannot exceed nine.
Ⅳ.The final project is conducted in two ways:
1.Group writing: This can be made in the form of PowerPoint presentation. But, a Word document is encouraged.
2.Oral presentation: The team must present the show in English. The audience can raise questions in English, and the team must reply in English, too.
Ⅴ.The topics of the final assessment includes:
1.Moot court
Your team organizes a moot court hearing of a labor dispute case. You need to play: judge/arbitrator, migrant workers, employer and lawyer.
2.A job interview
3.A negotiation with workers during a strike
4.Or, whatever topic related to labor relations
Ⅵ.Every team has maximumly ten minutes to present the show. The audience has five minutes to ask questions.
实践环节：
案例讨论：
思考题
