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Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2023)
The Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2023) gives a comprehensive review of the status of Chinese workers and the new changes in various fields. It objectively reflects the current situation of Chinese workers through the construction of the China Workers' Status Index, conducting in-depth analysis and research on aspects such as worker employment, income distribution, pension insurance, workplace safety and occupational health, collective labor disputes, and workers' voice. Based on profound thematic investigations from multiple perspectives, the report strives for a comprehensive, accurate, three-dimensional, and vivid depiction of the overall situation of Chinese workers in the new era.
The Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2023) is divided into four parts.
Part One: The research team continues to calculate the "China Workers' Status Index" for 2005-2021. Through the analysis of data up to 2021, the overall index of Chinese workers' status showed a slight rebound after two consecutive years of decline. This indicates that efforts to improve the status of Chinese workers have achieved certain results amidst the coordinated development of the economy and response to complex international and domestic situations. However, it also highlights the ongoing complexity of issues affecting the stable improvement of Chinese workers' status.
Part Two: This section includes annual thematic reports related to the status of Chinese workers, such as employment, income distribution, pension insurance, occupational health, collective labor disputes, and workers' voice. It aims to more comprehensively reflect the overall situation of Chinese workers in 2022.
Part Three: The research team conducted special investigations on new issues related to the status of Chinese workers that emerged in 2022. This part consists of five research or survey reports: "New Changes in the Internal Structure of China's Workforce", "Research on Occupational Safety Status Based on a Small Sample Survey", "Research Report on the Work Conditions and Labor Rights of Security Guards", "Labor Status Survey of Platform Workers in the Post-Pandemic Era—Taking the Rider Group as an Example", and "Research Report on the Quality of Life of Hotel Workers in Beijing". This part delves into current hot issues regarding the status of Chinese workers.
Part Four: The 2022 Major Events in the Status of Chinese Workers provides a brief record of significant events related to the status of Chinese workers that occurred in China in 2022.
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Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2022)
The Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2022) gives a comprehensive review of the status of Chinese workers and new changes in various fields. It objectively reflects the current situation of Chinese workers by constructing the China Workers' Status Index. The report conducts in-depth analysis and research on aspects such as worker employment, income distribution, pension insurance, workplace safety, occupational health, collective labor disputes, and workers' voice in the new era. Based on profound thematic investigations from multiple perspectives, the report strives for a comprehensive, accurate, three-dimensional, and vivid depiction of the overall situation of Chinese workers in the new era.
The Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2022) is divided into four parts.
Part One: This section provides an overview of the basic situation of the Chinese workforce in 2021, under the unified leadership of the CPC and the government, balancing pandemic prevention and production. This has made significant contributions to the rapid recovery of China's economy from the impact of the pandemic, achieving an 8.1% economic growth in 2021. Additionally, the research team continued to calculate the "China Workers' Status Index" for 2005-2020. Through research and analysis, it was found that due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the increasingly complex international environment, the China Workers' Status Index has shown varying degrees of decline across its three main indicators since 2019, with the growth index declining the most, leading to a noticeable decrease in the overall index.
Part Two: This section includes annual thematic reports related to the status of Chinese workers, such as employment, income distribution, pension insurance, occupational safety, occupational health, collective labor disputes, and workers' voice. It aims to more comprehensively reflect the overall situation of Chinese workers in 2021.
Part Three: The research team conducted special investigations on new issues related to the status of Chinese workers that emerged in 2021. This part consists of five research or survey reports: "Differences in Labor Remuneration Proportion: The Logical Starting Point for Increasing Enterprise Workers' Labor Income", "Historical Changes in the Workforce of Guangdong Province since the Reform and Opening Up", "Research Report on the Status of Non-Public High-Tech Enterprise Workers in Zhongguancun Science City, Beijing", "Research Report on the Basic Status and Engagement of Female Workers in the Hotel Industry in Beijing", and "Survey on Employment and Labor Economic Rights of Industrial Workers". This part delves into current hot issues regarding the status of Chinese workers.
Part Four: The 2021 Major Events in the Status of Chinese Workers provides a brief record of significant events related to the status of Chinese workers that occurred in China in 2021.
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Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2021)
The Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2021) gives a comprehensive review of the status of Chinese workers and new changes in various fields, objectively reflecting the current situation of Chinese workers. By constructing the Chinese Workers' Status Index, it conducts in-depth analysis and research on the status of Chinese workers in the new era from aspects such as employment, income distribution, pension insurance, occupational safety, occupational health, collective labor disputes, and workers' right to speak. Based on profound thematic investigations from multiple perspectives, the report strives for a comprehensive, accurate, three-dimensional, and vivid depiction of the overall situation of Chinese workers in the new era.
The Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2021) is divided into four parts:
The first part outlines the basic situation of Chinese workers since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, revealing the historic contributions made by workers under the unified leadership of the CPC and the government in combating the epidemic while maintaining production, contributing to China being the only major economy in the world to achieve positive economic growth in 2020. At the same time, the research team continued to calculate the "China Employee Status Index" from 2005 to 2019, and found that the reason for the slight decline in China's employee status index in 2019 was mainly due to the obvious decline in growth indicators and equilibrium indicators.
The second part consists of annual thematic reports related to the status of Chinese workers, covering topics such as employment, income distribution, pension insurance, occupational safety, occupational health, collective labor disputes, and workers' voice. It aims to provide a more comprehensive reflection of the overall situation of Chinese workers in 2020.
The third part consists of special investigations conducted by the research team in 2020 on new issues related to the status of Chinese workers. It includes seven research or survey reports: "Human Capital Differences: The Logical Starting Point for Promoting Common Prosperity for All Workers", "Research on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence Technology on the Job Market", "Study on Employment and Labor Rights Protection of Workers on Online Transportation Platforms", "Research on the Mechanism for Protecting the Rights of Workers on Online Transportation Platforms", "Work Stress and Relief of Low-Skilled Gig Workers", "Research on the Labor Economic Rights and Conditions of Migrant Workers Staying Put During the COVID-19 Pandemic," and "Survey Report on the Basic Status and Satisfaction of Employees at Beijing Tourism Group". This part delves into current hot issues regarding the status of workers.
The fourth part is the memorabilia of the situation of Chinese employees in 2020, which briefly describes the major events related to the situation of Chinese employees that occurred in China in 2020.
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Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2020)
The Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2020) is a serial publication following the "Annual Reports on the Status of Chinese Workers" in 2017, 2018, and 2019, focusing on the latest academic developments and viewpoints in the field of Chinese workers' status research.
The content of the "Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2020)" is mainly divided into five aspects:
First, it elaborates on the significant contributions of Chinese workers in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. At the beginning of 2020, a sudden outbreak of COVID-19 in China had a huge impact on the national economy and social development. Facing the new situation and challenges, Chinese workers took active action. Under the unified leadership of the Central Committee of CPC, they comprehensively organized and mobilized, engaged in epidemic prevention and control, and resumption of work and production. A nationwide battle against the COVID-19 epidemic was launched, achieving decisive results in promoting the economy, safeguarding people's livelihoods, and combating the epidemic in just about three months. The economic and social order gradually returned to normal. In the process of overcoming the epidemic and resuming work and production, the Chinese workforce made significant historical contributions. At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic has also had a series of related impacts on the employment, income, and lives of the Chinese workforce. This was elaborated in the research report “Survey on the Working and Living Conditions of Employees under the Background of the COVID-19 Pandemic”.
Second, the overall changes in the status of Chinese workers in 2019 were analyzed. The research report continued to calculate the "China Workers' Status Index" since 2005. The analysis revealed that the balance indicator reflecting the status of Chinese workers has risen for two consecutive years, indicating an improvement in the previously unbalanced development of the workforce. This improvement has been the main factor contributing to the continuous rise in the China Workers' Status Index over the past two years.
Third, annual special reports related to the status of Chinese workers, such as income distribution, employment, pension insurance, occupational safety, occupational health, collective labor disputes, and workers' discourse rights, were released to more comprehensively reflect the overall status of Chinese workers in 2019.
Fourth, the report includes in-depth research on hot issues related to the current employment status of workers, such as the “Survey on the Work and Life Status of Workers under the Background of COVID-19 Epidemic”, “Research on the Employment Status and Trade Union Work of Non-Public Enterprise Workers”, “The Effect of Trade Union on the Labor Rights and Interests of Migrant Workers”, “Survey on the Employment Quality of Migrant Workers in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region”, “Considerations on Establishing a Regular Consultation System for Workers' Labor Safety Rights and Interests”, and “Main Features and Development Trends of New Employment Forms in China under the Background of the Digital Economy”.
Fifth, the report presents the major events related to the employment status of Chinese workers in 2019 in a brief manner.
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Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2019)
The Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2019) released the latest index of the employment status of Chinese workers, reflecting the latest situation of workers in the areas of income distribution, pension insurance, occupational safety, occupational health, collective labor disputes, and news discourse. It also conducted specialized research on the reform of the construction of industrial workers, the protection of rights and interests of platform workers, the changing trends of migrant worker groups, and the employment status of workers in industries with overcapacity. The report focuses on the latest academic trends and perspectives in the field of Chinese employee status research, providing references for government departments and trade union organizations at all levels to make decisions, and providing researchers with multi-angle theoretical and practical references.
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Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2018)
The report points out that over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, with the continuous deepening of economic reform and the gradual establishment of a socialist market economic system, the structure of China's workforce has undergone two major changes: First, in the 1990s, China's workforce broke through the shackles of ownership by the whole people, thus strengthening the attributes of employees who rely on wages as their main source of livelihood, and the proportion of employees in non-public enterprises has increased. Second, at the beginning of this century, China's workforce broke through the shackles of the urban and rural household registration system, thus strengthening the attribute of establishing or existing de facto labor relations between employees and employers, and migrant workers became an important part of the workforce. With the rapid development of the sharing economy in our country, new formats and new models continue to emerge, and the Chinese workforce is facing the third structural change. Due to the fact that the existing labor relations framework cannot cover platform economy workers, the nature of the employee concept needs to be redefined. The report also points out that the Chinese Employee Well-being Index in 2018 was 100.33, continuing the trend of changes in Chinese employee well-being in recent years.
The Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2018) was published and distributed by the Social Sciences Academic Press in December 2018.
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Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2017)
The Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2017) is a research result formed by the “Annual Reports on the Status of Chinese Workers” project team after three years of hard work, and was published and distributed by the Social Sciences Academic Press in December 2017.
The Annual Report on the Status of Chinese Workers (2017) points out that maintaining stable growth in employee income and narrowing the income gap among employees are the biggest challenges faced during the “13th Five-Year Plan” period.
From the perspective of the income distribution index of Chinese workers, the income growth of Chinese workers in 2015 reached the same pace as economic growth, but the gap in income distribution within the worker group changed significantly.
In terms of the income gap between urban unit employees, private enterprise employees, and migrant workers, the average annual salary of urban unit employees in 2015 was 62,029 yuan, which was 1.57 times and 1.54 times that of private enterprise employees and migrant workers, respectively. Compared with 1.76 times and 1.80 times in 2010, the income gap of the three major groups is gradually narrowing. It is worth noting that the average annual salary of migrant workers has once again exceeded the average annual salary of urban private sector employees after 2011.
Regarding the group of employees in urban units, the gap in the annual average wages of urban unit employees across different regions narrowed in 2015. According to the research team's statistical analysis of the annual average income data of urban unit employees nationwide, the coefficient of variation showed a fluctuating downward trend. In 2015, the coefficient of variation for the annual average income of urban unit employees across different regions was 0.258, a decrease of 0.081 from 0.339 in 2004. This indicates that since 2004, the income gap in the annual average income of urban unit employees across regions in China has been gradually narrowing, and the income situation of urban unit employees in various regions has become more balanced. It is worth noting that the coefficient of variation for the annual average income of urban unit employees across regions reached 0.233 in 2012 and then started to rise slightly for three consecutive years, reaching 0.258 in 2015.
Regarding the group of employees in urban private units, the gap in the annual average wages of urban private unit employees across different regions widened in 2015. According to the research team's statistical analysis of the annual average income data of urban private unit employees nationwide, the coefficient of variation showed a fluctuating upward trend. In 2015, the coefficient of variation for the annual average income of urban private unit employees across different regions was 0.175, an increase of 0.031 from 0.144 in 2004. This indicates that the income gap in the annual average income of urban private unit employees across regions in China has been continuously widening.