Author:TAO Taotao

Key words:young Engels; industrial revolution; reform of the industrial working class construction

Abstract:From the perspective of the early British industrial revolution, young Engels traced the reasons for the construction of the British industrial working class, portrayed the diffi culties encountered in its construction, and proposed reform strategies for its construction. The in-depth thinking of young Engels on the construction and reform of the British industrial working class laid a substantial ideological basis for the scientifi c understanding of the historical formation, current conditions, and future mission of the modern industrial working class. Revisiting young Engels' social-historical interpretation of the condition of the British working class during his time in Manchester can not only deepen our understanding of his ideology on the construction of the industrial working class, but also provide key insights and practical value for promoting the reform of the industrial working class construction in the new era.

Author:LI Min ZHANG Yun BAI Zhenghui YAN Yonglan

Key words:delivery riders; work values; Cognitive Dissonance Theory; decent work.

Abstract:The accelerated development of the digital economy and the innovation of employment patterns have led to the gradual emergence of the issue of diversifi cation of laborers' values, which has sparked scholars' thinking on the work values of fl exible employment laborers. Based on in-depth interviews with 53 delivery riders, this study explored the changes in their work value orientations from the perspective of Cognitive Dissonance Theory, providing reference for promoting decent work for the new employment group. This study found that there are signifi cant differences between the work values of delivery riders and those of traditional formal employment groups, and the work values of delivery riders are characterized by two dimensions livelihood and development. In terms of priority, delivery riders place more emphasis on work autonomy, income fairness, and career development. In terms of specifi c content, the work values of delivery riders include new elements such as time freedom and personal freedom, refl ecting the trend of the transformation of work values towards "postmodern values". It is suggested in this study that the policymaking, platform management, and union work should pay attention to the stage characteristics of delivery riders' work values, innovate the payment period and location of pension insurance based on the characteristics of fl exible employment, explore the implementation of fragmented social security payment methods, and provide convenient claims services to create a fl exible and safe working environment for laborers.

Author:BAN Xiaohui HUANG Chuying

Key words:dispatch of expatriate workers; labor disputes; overseas contracting projects; the Belt and Road Initiative

Abstract:In the context of the high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative, the importance of protecting the rights and interests of expatriate workers of the overseas contracting projects is becoming increasingly prominent. Current employment modes for overseas contracting projects expatriate workers in China mainly include dispatch of our own employees, dispatch of labor cooperation, and that of project subcontracting. Through the analysis of judicial cases, it is found that the rights and interests of expatriate workers are damaged due to the presence of illegal intermediaries, illegal subcontracting, limited access to legal remedies, and unclear responsibility determination in the stages of recruitment, employment and rights protection, and liability. To address these challenges, China should enforce legal liability for illegal recruitment, strengthen supervision on illegal subcontracting, further clarify the relief paths for expatriate workers' rights, and defi ne employer responsibilities.

Author:LI Zhiqiang CAO Jianxing

Key words:digital platform; algorithm control; popularity-based piece rate; contracted anchors; overwork

Abstract:The application of algorithm technology provides convenience for the labor process management in platform enterprises, but it also highlights the risks of labor rights infringement, particularly among platform practitioners such as contracted anchors. In the digital platform economy era, algorithmic management deprives platform practitioners of control over the labor process, exacerbating the erosion of their structural bargaining power. The extreme fragmentation of working time caused by algorithmic management inevitably leads to overwork among platform practitioners. Live streaming platforms manipulate time and popularity through the popularity-based piece rate salary system, which results in intensifi ed regulation of contracted anchors and immersion overwork. The lack of unifi ed criteria for determining the labor status of contracted anchors in relation to live streaming platforms makes it diffi cult to clarify their legal status. Moreover, the organizational structure and profi t model of live streaming platforms exclude the application of labor law to the legal relationship in network live streaming. Therefore, it is necessary to reexamine and improve the principle of tilted protection established by labor law in China, establish guidelines for working time in network live streaming, and strengthen the accountability of live streaming platforms to provide new legal governance solutions for addressing the issue of overwork among contracted anchors.

Author:CAO Zhen ZHANG Shiyi

Key words:labor; labor education; integration of the ";Five Educations";

Abstract:Labor education plays a foundational role among the "Five Educations" ( the all-around development of morality, intelligence, physical education, aesthetics, and labor skills ). Through long-term practice and exploration, labor education has become an important component of China's socialist education system. In the new era, how to further strengthen and promote labor education is crucial for the overall high-quality development of higher education in our country, as well as for cultivating socialist builders and successors. While achieving a series of important accomplishments, labor education in current China's universities still faces major issues such as insuffi cient teaching staff, low integration of the "Five Educations", and inadequate coordination among stakeholders. Thus, it is suggested in this study that labor education should adhere to the guidance of the Marxist view of labor, deepen our understanding of the essence and value of labor, and grasp the historical signifi cance of labor education. Furthermore, it is necessary to construct a diverse and coordinated labor education system in the new era, establish a labor education mechanism that integrates the "Five Educations", and further strengthen the construction of teaching staff in labor education.

Author:QIU Yanping ZHENG Xianghua

Key words:development of labor education resources; digital labor; contradiction and symbiosis; artifi cial intelligence

Abstract:The advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution has disrupted human labor cognition and forms of labor. The rapid development of digitization and information technology have brought signifi cant impacts on the subjects of labor education, manifested by the weakening of human subjectivity in labor and the diminishing educational nature of labor, as well as the ubiquitousness of labor education in time and space. The fundamental reason for this is that the development of labor education resources lags behind social progress. Firstly, the cognitive lag of labor education resources limits the development of labor education. Secondly, traditional approaches to developing labor education resources result in outdated labor education technology. Lastly, the content of labor education resource development remains isolated, leading to a disconnection between labor education and society. To transform the "risks" brought by the era of intelligence into opportunities for the development of labor education, it is necessary to focus on the technological dimension of labor education resource development, update conceptual understanding, break free from inertia thinking, utilize big data, and promote the harmonious symbiosis of labor education and intelligent technology.

Author:SHI Zhenzhen WANG Yang

Key words:big data; unemployment monitoring; monitoring indicators; mechanism optimization

Abstract:To realize the "establishment of a sound job demand investigation and unemployment monitoring early-warning mechanism" proposed in the 14th Five-Year Plan, it is of practical signifi cance to use big data for unemployment monitoring. After summarizing the theoretical basis of employment and unemployment domestically and internationally, this study, employing literature analysis and interviews, analyzes the application logic of unemployment monitoring based on big data. The study further sorts out relevant practices and prominent issues at home and abroad, and provides references for the establishment of a sound unemployment early-warning mechanism. The research proposes an optimizing path for unemployment monitoring based on big data: fi rst, set up a three-way cooperation mechanism guided by the government, with website-provided data and academic guidance; second, check and classify internet media of the domestic labor market such as recruitment websites, quickly develop and construct search engine keyword libraries, and incorporate professional social think tanks, and fi nally, strengthen government regulatory efforts.

Author:ZHAO Yifan

Key words:service sector; strategic emerging industries; talent gap; employment of college graduates

Abstract:During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period and beyond, actively guiding college graduates to engage in key industries of the service sector is an important means of addressing the labor market's demand for employment under new circumstances, fully tapping into high-skilled human resources, and ensuring stable employment for young people. Based on the data from the China Statistical Yearbook from 2010-2022, macroeconomic data from the 2018 Chinese Economic Census, and the data from the A-share listed companies in the China Stock Market & Accounting Research Database from 2010-2021, this study employs the multidimensional fi xed-effects model and other methods to estimate the talent gap in key industries of the service sector. The study identifi es three types and characteristics of talents urgently needed in key service industries. The fi ndings indicate that currently there is a coexistence of labor shortages and diffi culties in recruitment in talent education and training. The problems of focusing on knowledge over practice and a mismatch between education levels and abilities are prominent. Education and guidance on young people's employment concepts are relatively limited. The study suggests that the education sector should improve professional settings and training programs, whilst the enterprises and universities should actively promote internship programs for college students, enhance university-industry cooperation, and improve college students' vocational skills. Moreover, both universities and society should actively guide college students in developing the correct employment concepts.

Author:WANG Xiaoyan TIAN Taiwei

Key words:big data; unemployment monitoring; monitoring indicators; mechanism optimization

Abstract:The institutionalization of the Third Distribution involves the establishment of formal institutions, but it emphasizes the realization of institutional requirements in terms of process and goals, namely, the continuous and repetitive nature of activities related to the Third Distribution. From the meso-perspective of public organization actors, this study fi nds that individuals' enthusiasm and effectiveness in participating in the Third Distribution are sustained and stable within a certain public space. Taking H University's volunteer teaching service as an example, this university vertically allocates attention to the Third Distribution from external to internal and achieves the institutional requirement of continuous voluntary participation through positive incentives. The methodological approach to achieving the institutionalization of the Third Distribution includes two aspects. Firstly, the attention allocation of public organizations serves as the starting point for the institutionalization of the Third Distribution. The organization ensures the scientifi c allocation of attention externally and distributes attention hierarchically internally. Secondly, positive incentives by public organizations serve as the safeguard for the institutionalization of the Third Distribution. By adopting a combination of material and spiritual incentives, different criteria are applied to participants in terms of their involvement type during the admission or process dimension of participation. At the same time, multiple feedbacks are incorporated to mobilize and sustain charitable participation from social forces.

Author:WANG Lingxin

Key words:youth migrant population; education level; health; non-material gains

Abstract:Against the backdrop of the "Healthy China" strategy, it is important to explore the full potential of youth migrant population as a healthy human capital. Based on the data from the 2014 Dynamic Monitoring Survey of Migrants' Social Integration Module, this study employs logistic regression and OLS regression methods to analyze the impact of education level on different health indicators of youth migrant population. The fi ndings indicate that increasing education levels from junior high to high school among young migrants are able to promote positive self-rated health. However, higher education exacerbates the perceived decline in health over time. The health status of female, agricultural household registered, and post-80s youth migrant population is more signifi cantly infl uenced by education levels. The study suggests measures such as narrowing the urban-rural education quality gap, enhancing diversifi ed mental health support, and improving the social integration level of migrant population be taken to improve the quality of human capital and promote the comprehensive development of youth migrant population.

Author:HANG Zhou

Key words:Four-day Workweek; standard working hours; working time

Abstract:The Four-day Workweek refers to a working hour system of four days or 32 hours per week. From 2015 to 2022, major developed capitalist countries in Europe, Oceania, North America, and Asia have implemented experiments of shortened working hours, represented by the Four-day Workweek, to varying degrees. Organizers and researchers of the Four-day Workweek Campaign have put forward theoretical propositions from three perspectives: economy, labor-capital relations, and society. The Four-day Workweek is essentially a measure taken by capitalist countries and enterprises to cope with the economic challenges of capitalism by shortening working hours. However, it faces the challenges of insuffi cient long-term sustainability and susceptibility to setbacks. The Four-day Workweek provides two implications for China: fi rst, we should improve the three-party negotiation and coordination mechanism in labor relations, enhancing workers' bargaining power, steadily reducing working hours, and safeguarding workers' legitimate rights and interests; second, we should be cautious of the "trap of shortened workweek" set by developed capitalist countries in the future when considering further reductions in working hours